Step 3 is when a different Social Security examiner reviews your entire case from the start

At reconsideration — the second stage of appeal — Social Security sends your case to a new examiner who was not involved in your original denial. This examiner looks at everything: your medical records, your work history, the evidence you submitted with your reconsideration request, and the reasons the first examiner said no. They make a fresh decision.

Step 3 is not a hearing and does not involve a judge. It is a paper review, meaning the examiner reads your file and decides whether to overturn the denial or uphold it. You do not attend a meeting or speak to anyone unless you ask for a telephone interview.

Reconsideration takes longer than the initial decision — usually 3 to 6 months, though it varies by your state and how busy the local office is. You will receive a written decision in the mail.

Key Takeaways

  • A new examiner reviews your case from scratch and considers all evidence you submitted with your reconsideration request.
  • You can ask for a telephone interview with the examiner, though most reconsiderations are decided on paper alone.
  • The decision comes by mail and explains whether Social Security is overturning the denial or upholding it.
  • If reconsideration is denied, you move to Step 4: requesting a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge.

What the examiner actually reviews

The new examiner sees your original process, the denial letter from Step 1, your medical records on file with Social Security, and any new medical evidence you included with your reconsideration request. They also read the statement you wrote explaining why you disagree with the denial.

The examiner is looking for the same thing the first one was: whether your medical condition prevents you from working at a substantial level. "Substantial" means earning more than a set monthly amount — in 2024, that threshold is $1,550 per month for non-blind individuals, though this amount changes yearly. The examiner weighs your medical records against the work you did before and the work you could theoretically do now.

If you submitted new medical records — test results, specialist letters, updated treatment notes — the examiner must consider them. This is why gathering strong medical evidence before you request reconsideration matters. A letter from your doctor saying you cannot work is more persuasive than your own statement alone.

Asking for a telephone interview

You can request a telephone interview with the reconsideration examiner. This gives you a chance to explain your condition and answer questions directly, rather than having the examiner decide based only on written records.

To request an interview, write to the Social Security office that sent your denial letter. Include your claim number and say you want a telephone interview during reconsideration. Mail it to the address on your denial notice. You can also call Social Security at 1-800-772-1213 and ask them to note your file.

The interview is brief — usually 10 to 20 minutes. The examiner asks about your medical treatment, your symptoms, and what you cannot do. They may also ask about jobs you held and why you cannot return to them. You do not need a lawyer for this interview, though having one does not hurt.

What happens if reconsideration is denied again

If the examiner upholds the denial, you receive a new decision letter explaining the reasons. The letter will say you have the right to request a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge — this is Step 4 of the appeal process.

You have 60 days from the date on the decision letter to request a hearing. This important date is strict; if you miss it, you lose your right to appeal unless you have a good reason for the delay (such as being in the hospital or not receiving the letter).

If reconsideration is approved, Social Security will begin paying your benefits. The amount depends on your age and your work history. You will receive a notice showing your monthly payment and your start date.

How to prepare before reconsideration is decided

While waiting for the reconsideration decision, gather any new medical evidence that strengthens your case. If you have started seeing a new doctor or specialist, ask them for a letter describing your condition and limitations. If you have had new test results or imaging, request copies for your file.

Keep a record of your medical appointments, treatments, and any changes in your condition. If your symptoms have worsened or you have been hospitalized, document it. This information can be useful if you move to Step 4 and request a hearing.

Do not assume the reconsideration will be denied. Many people are approved at reconsideration, especially if they submit stronger medical evidence than they did with the original process. The new examiner is looking at your case fresh, and new information can change the outcome.

Understanding the reconsideration timeline

Social Security aims to complete reconsideration within 3 to 6 months, but the actual time depends on how many cases the local office is handling and whether you requested a telephone interview. If you requested an interview, the examiner must schedule it before making a decision, which can add time.

You can call Social Security to check on your reconsideration status. Have your claim number ready. They can tell you whether a decision has been made and, if not, approximately how long you should expect to wait.

If more than 6 months have passed and you have not received a decision, contact the local Social Security office listed on your denial letter. Ask to speak with a representative about the status of your reconsideration.

What to do while you wait

If you are not working and have no income, you may be able to receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI) while your SSDI appeal is pending. SSI is a separate program for people with low income and limited resources. You can explore for SSI at the same Social Security office handling your SSDI appeal.

If you have medical bills piling up, look into whether you may have access to for Medicaid in your state. Many states cover people with disabilities regardless of income while their SSDI case is pending. Contact your state Medicaid office or call 211 to find local resources.

If you need help with rent, food, or utilities, local nonprofits and government programs may have funds available. Call 211 or visit 211.org to search for information in your area.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I work while my reconsideration is being decided?

Yes. Working does not hurt your reconsideration case as long as you earn less than the substantial gainful activity threshold ($1,550 per month in 2024). If you earn more than that, Social Security may view it as evidence that you can work and deny your case. Report any work income to Social Security.

What if I disagree with the reconsideration decision?

If reconsideration is denied, you can request a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge. You have 60 days from the date on the decision letter to file. This is Step 4 of the appeal process, and a judge will review your case in person or by video.

Do I need a lawyer for reconsideration?

No, but many people find it helpful. A lawyer or representative can gather medical evidence, write your statement, and request a telephone interview on your behalf. You only pay if you win, and the fee is capped at 25 percent of your back pay, up to $7,200.

Will Social Security contact my doctors during reconsideration?

Not automatically. Social Security reviews the medical records already in your file. If you want your doctor to send new information, you must ask them to send it directly to Social Security. Include your claim number in the request so it reaches the right file.

How much back pay will I receive if reconsideration is approved?

Back pay goes back to your process date or the date you became disabled, whichever is later. The exact amount depends on your age and your average earnings. Social Security will calculate it and explain it in your approval notice.